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For spur-bearing trees On older trees, remove or thin out spurs (short stubby shoots with fruit buds) that have become overcrowded, aiming to space them 10–15cm (4-6in) apart along the branches.

Only remove them if they’re crossing or too crowded – closer than 10–15cm (4–6in) apart at the base

Leave young side-shoots (laterals) unpruned, so they can develop fruit buds in the second year.

This will encourage branching and the formation of fruiting spurs (stubby shoots with fruit buds)

Shorten the previous year’s growth on each of the main branches by a quarter to one-third, cutting just above an outward-facing bud.

Prune to a more upward-growing branch or back to the main trunk

Look for any downward-growing branches low on the tree that receive little light and could cause an obstruction.You can leave weaker shoots (up to 20cm/8in long) unpruned

Prune out strong shoots growing towards the centre.Keep the better placed, outward-facing one, unless it’s badly damaged Remove crossing shoots that are rubbing together.Start by removing any dead, diseased and damaged shoots and branches, then carry out the following steps: Pruning too hard will result in a mass of vigorous, upright growth known as watershoots. Take care not to overprune tip-bearers and partial tip-bearers, as this may remove most of the potentially fruiting wood. Routine winter pruning should remove about 10–20 per cent of the canopy. This depends on the tree’s vigour and needs a bit of judgement. However, understanding the fruiting habit of your tree can help you prune more effectively to ensure a good crop. We no longer recommend routine rigorous shortening of all young growth on spur-bearing trees. But the current pruning approach is more relaxed and very similar for all three. Traditionally the pruning advice for spur-bearing treeswas different to the advice for tip-bearing and partial tip-bearing trees. Malvern Autumn Show - 22–24 September 2023īush trees like these should be pruned every winter © RHS/Clive Nicholsįor more recently planted trees, follow our advice on pruning young apples and pears. For space-saving restricted shapes, such as espaliers, cordons, fans and pyramids, use summer pruning.Īpple and pear cultivars can be divided into three groups according to where the fruit bud is produced and the fruit carried: spur-bearers, tip-bearers and partial tip-bearers.RHS Garden Wisley Flower Show - 5–10 September 2023.RHS Garden Rosemoor Flower Show - 18–20 August 2023.RHS Garden Hyde Hall Flower Show - 2–6 August 2023.RHS Flower Show Tatton Park - 19–23 July 2023.RHS Hampton Court Palace Garden Festival - 4–9 July 2023.